论文部分内容阅读
嘉道之际是清代治水史上的重要节点,治水思想停滞倒退,河工贪腐成风,导致水患频仍,漕运难行,为稍后时期的黄河改道、漕运废止种下恶果。用哈丁的公地悲剧理论去探究其缘由,我们发现本时期的黄淮运在经济上没有严格的产权制度,在政治上以人治为主没有规则,在法治上没有必要的强制措施。治水活动逐渐演变为皇帝孤家寡人的国家任务,沿河民众、治河官员和运丁水手等迅速形成利益集团,他们为个人利益而裹挟和绑架了黄淮运的治理,使之陷入恶性循环的怪圈,随着稍后到来的铜瓦厢大决口而迅速崩溃。
The occasion of Jiadao is an important node in the history of flood control in the Qing Dynasty. The thought of water management stagnated and the river workers became corrupt. As a result, frequent flooding caused difficulties in water transport and delayed the transfer of the Yellow River for a later period. Using Harding’s tragedy theory of the commons to explore its causes, we find that the Huang-Huai Yun in this period did not have a strict property right system in the economy. There were no rules in the politics of rule of man and no mandatory measures in the rule of law. Flood control activities gradually evolved into the emperor’s lonely national task. People along the river, river officials and Yun Ding sailors quickly formed interest groups. They persecuted and kidnapped the governance of the Huang-Huai Yun for personal interests and plunged them into a vicious circle. With the arrival of the copper wagon large rupture and collapse quickly.