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国际碳排放权交易是在应对全球气候变化过程中提出的以成本最小化方式实现污染排放控制的环境政策机制。目前,中国主要通过清洁发展机制(CDM)来参与国际碳交易,并出口相应的核证减排量。CDM项目在我国发展迅速,出口的核证减排量呈显著上升态势,然而本文认为,当前CDM项目的开发并不是越多越好。因为碳减排的空间是有限的,考虑未来减排压力和减排成本的增加,当前碳排放权的出口量存在最优规模问题。本文通过建立两阶段最优化模型,对这一问题进行了详细讨论。在此基础上结合当前国际碳交易现状,指出了中国参与其中遭遇的问题与相应启示。
The international carbon emissions trading is an environmental policy mechanism put forward in the process of global climate change to minimize the cost of pollution emission control. At present, China participates mainly in international carbon trading through the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and exports the corresponding CERs. CDM projects are developing rapidly in our country, and the CERs for export have shown a significant upward trend. However, this paper argues that the current CDM project development is not as good as possible. Because of the limited space for carbon emission reductions, considering the future emission reduction pressures and the cost of emission reduction, there is an issue of the optimal scale for the current export volume of carbon emission rights. This article discusses this issue in detail by establishing a two-stage optimization model. On this basis, combined with the current status of international carbon trading, pointed out that China is involved in the problems encountered in the corresponding enlightenment.