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植物在自然状态下释放负离子的能力很弱,施加脉冲电场可激发其释放能力。在密闭的玻璃箱中,研究紫背竹芋(Stromanthe sanguinea)、绒叶肖竹芋(Calathea zebrina)和朱顶红(Hippeastrum rutilum)在常态、脉冲电场和光照刺激下释放负离子的浓度,并观察叶片气孔特征,结果表明:(1)不同参数脉冲电场对植物释放负离子的能力影响不同,每种植物均具有高效释放负离子的最佳脉冲电场,紫背竹芋为A3B3C3(A3,U=1.5×104 V;B3,T=1.5 s;C3,?=65 ms);绒叶肖竹芋为A3B4C1(A3,U=1.5×104 V;B4,T=2.0 s;C1,?=5 ms);朱顶红为A4B4C1(A4,U=2.0×104 V;B4,T=2.0 s;C1,?=5 ms)。(2)植物体上所储存的电压越大,其释放负离子的能力越强。(3)脉冲电场作用时,植物释放负离子的能力与光照度呈正相关;无电场刺激时两者差异不显著(P>0.05)。(4)植物释放负离子的能力与叶片气孔特征关系密切,脉冲电场作用下叶片气孔的开合度和气孔密度越大,其释放能力越强。
The ability of plants to release negative ions in their natural state is very weak. Applying a pulsed electric field can stimulate their release ability. In a closed glass box, the concentrations of negative ions released by Stromanthe sanguinea, Calathea zebrina and Hippeastrum rutilum under normal, pulsed electric fields and light stimuli were studied, and the leaf stomata The results showed that: (1) The pulsed electric fields with different parameters had different effects on the ability of plants to release negative ions, and each plant had the best pulsed electric field with high efficiency for releasing negative ions. The purple pulcherrima was A3B3C3 (A3, U = 1.5 × 104 V ; B3, T = 1.5 s; C3,? = 65 ms); velvet leaves of arrowroot for A3B4C1 (A3, U = 1.5 × 104 V; B4, T = 2.0 s; A4B4C1 (A4, U = 2.0 × 104 V; B4, T = 2.0 s; C1,? = 5 ms). (2) The greater the voltage stored on the plant, the stronger its ability to release negative ions. (3) When the pulsed electric field was applied, the ability of plants to release negative ions was positively correlated with the light intensity. There was no significant difference between them (P> 0.05) when no electric field was applied. (4) The ability of plants to release negative ions is closely related to the stomatal characteristics of leaves. Under the action of pulse electric field, the opening degree and the stomatal density of stomata are higher, and the releasing ability is stronger.