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一、问题的引出随着人类文明的进步,文献的数量越来越大,种类越来越多,对文献的分类愈显重要。自《杜威十进分类法》问世至今,分类理论大大发展,出现了众多的分类法,当代国际上流行的分类法多属等级体系分类,特别是在我国大多数图书馆都采用分类标引文献,使用的典型的几部分类法,如《中图法》、《科图法》、《人大法》等也属等级体系分类。等级体系分类的应用如此之广,作用之大,无论是从分类法本身的发展,还是着眼于文献管理现代化,都有必要对分类体系从多方位、多角度进行深入的研究,从根本上认识分类体系。今天的分类体系中已隐含了许多数学结构,但从未从数学的角度对其进行深入地探讨,建立起数学模型。若分类表的结构经过数学描述就可以用数学的方法进行严密的演绎推理,从而导出一些新的理论,使我们对图书分类法的认识跃进一步。我国迟早也要实现分类法的自动编制、管理,分类自动标引,而实现的前提是必须有一个比较好的分类数学模型。没有数学模型,分类自动化无从谈起。
First, the problem leads With the progress of human civilization, the literature is more and more large, more and more categories, the more important the classification of the literature. Since the advent of the “Dewey Decimal Classification”, the classification theory has developed greatly, and many taxonomies have appeared. The most popular taxonomies in the world are the classification of the classification system, especially in most of our country’s libraries , The use of several typical class method, such as “Chinese Library Classification”, “Kotu law”, “people’s congregation” is also a hierarchical system classification. The application of the hierarchical system classification is so extensive and significant that it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the classification system from multiple perspectives and from multiple perspectives, both from the development of the taxonomy itself and the modernization of the document management. Classification system. Today’s classification system has implied a lot of mathematical structure, but never from the mathematical point of view of its in-depth exploration, establish a mathematical model. If the structure of the classification table can be mathematically deduced and deduced through mathematical description, we can derive some new theories and make our understanding of the book taxonomy one step forward. Sooner or later, China should also realize automatic classification, management and classification of taxonomies, and the premise of realization must be that there is a good classification mathematical model. No mathematical model, classification automation can not talk about.