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目的：通过研究ＰＶＲ形成过程中细胞外基质和细胞增殖的规律，观察水蛙素预防和治疗ＰＶＲ的疗效。方法：利用免疫组化技术观察模型组和水蛭素组玻璃体腔中Ⅳ型胶原（ⅣＣ）、纤粘连蛋白（ＦＮ）、层粘连蛋白（ＬＮ）和增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）的分布和变化规律。结果：模型组ＦＮ、ＬＮ、ⅣＣ和ＰＣ．ＮＡ早期大量分布于玻璃体腔内与内界膜相连，后期形成网状支架组织，有细胞附于其上；水蛭素组ＦＮ、ＬＮ、ⅣＣ和ＰＣＮＡ也主要分布在玻璃体腔内，但阳性率明显低于模型组，无增殖膜形成。结论：水蛭素在ＰＶＲ形成过程中具有抑制细胞增殖和胞外基质分泌的作用。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of water frog on the prevention and treatment of PVR by studying the regularity of extracellular matrix and cell proliferation in the process of PVR formation. Methods: The distribution and changes of type Ⅳ collagen, fibronectin (FN), laminin (LN) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in vitreous cavity of model group and hirudin group were observed by immunohistochemistry. Results: The model group FN, LN, Ⅳ C and PC. NA was mainly distributed in the vitreous cavity and was connected with the internal limiting membrane in the early stage, and later formed a network of scaffolds with cells attached to it. In the hirudin group, FN, LN, IVC and PCNA were also mainly distributed in the vitreous cavity, but the positive rate was significantly Lower than the model group, no proliferation of membrane formation. Conclusion: Hirudin can inhibit cell proliferation and extracellular matrix secretion in the process of PVR formation.