我院自1995年1月一1998年7月共收治慢性阻塞性肺气肿合并自发性气胸30例，其中22例被误诊，误诊率高达73．3％。该病起病急骤，症状凶险，若诊断不及时，处理不得当，则病死率极高。误诊病种主要有COPD或肺心病急性发作、哮喘、冠心病心绞痛、右心衰、肺大疮。现分析如下。l； Our hospital from January 1995 to July 1998 were admitted to a total of 30 cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary emphysema complicated with spontaneous pneumothorax, of which 22 cases were misdiagnosed, the misdiagnosis rate as high as 73.3%. The rapid onset of the disease, the symptoms of dangerous, if the diagnosis is not timely, not handled properly, the case fatality rate is high. Misdiagnosed diseases are mainly COPD or acute pulmonary heart attack, asthma, coronary heart disease angina, right heart failure, pulmonary sores. Analysis is as follows. l;