以往电镜研究表明,人类精子获能后并不发生明显的形态变化。但行常规电镜检测时,标本需经脱水、染色和金属镀膜等措施处理,因而可产生伪迹,并使细胞远离生理环境,而用X-线显微镜检测的标本,仅需经光镜检测样的简单处理,便可获得液体介质中细胞高分辨率(30 nm)的影像。本文报道利用X-线显微术观察到人类精子两种不同形态的线粒体,一种是新鲜精子的,另一种 Previous electron microscopy studies have shown that after human sperm capacitation does not occur significant morphological changes. However, routine electron microscopic examination, the specimen to be dehydration, staining and metal coating and other measures to deal with, which can produce artifacts and cells away from the physiological environment, and X-ray microscopy specimens, only by light microscopy test samples The simple processing gives a high-resolution (30 nm) image of the cells in liquid medium. This paper reports the observation of two different forms of human sperm mitochondria using X-ray microscopy, one is fresh sperm, and the other