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功能性消化不良(FD)的病因、发病机制、病理生理基础尚未完全阐明。目前认为,FD可能与胃肠运动障碍、内脏高敏感性、精神心理因素、幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染等有关。其中,胃肠运动障碍和内脏高敏感性被认为是FD的主要致病因素。由于个体差异性,针对某个个体而言,FD可能由上述一种因素引起,或多种因素共同作用引起。据一项全球性研究统计,消化不良患病率为7%~45%[1];一项亚洲流行病学研究显示,亚洲未经检查的消化不良患病率约8%~30%,而FD患病率为8%~23%[2]。并且,随着生活节奏的加快,精神压力的加重,FD的发病率有逐渐升高的趋势。
The etiology, pathogenesis, pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia (FD) have not yet been fully elucidated. At present, FD may be related to gastrointestinal motility disorders, visceral hypersensitivity, mental and psychological factors, Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and so on. Among them, gastrointestinal dyskinesia and visceral hypersensitivity are considered as the main causative agents of FD. Due to individual differences, for an individual, FD may be caused by one of the above factors, or a combination of multiple factors. According to a global study, the prevalence of indigestion is 7% -45% [1]; an Asian epidemiological study shows that the prevalence of indigestion in Asia is about 8% -30% FD prevalence rate of 8% to 23% [2]. And, with the accelerated pace of life, mental stress, the incidence of FD has gradually increased.