应用TAO(Tropical Atmosphere Ocean project)热带太平洋实测海温和风场资料,分析研究了2010/2011年La Nia事件的变化特征,讨论了此次过程中赤道太平洋次表层异常海温的变化特征及其传播过程,以及上层海温场的异常变化机理。结果表明,2010/2011年的La Nia事件与传统事件不同,是一次明显的中部型La Nia事件(简称CPP La Nia),其爆发过程主要存在两个不同机制的响应过程:一是西太平洋暖池(WPWP)区域次表层异常冷海温通过赤道潜流的作用沿温跃层东传,导致赤道东太平洋上层海洋温度场出现异常降温:二是赤道中东太平洋出现强的距平东风,通过上升流作用,导致冷海温上传影响中太平洋上层异常海温场。前者是导致La Nia事件的必要条件,后者则是形成此次中部型La Nia事件的关键过程。由分析结果还表明,日界线以东赤道太平洋纬向风变化对中西太平洋上层海温场变化有重要影响,是导致此次中部型事件爆发的重要机制。文章进一步分析了此次中部型La Nia事件过程中热带垂直环流的变化,结果表明经向和纬向大气环流都表现出明显的异常。 The characteristics of the La Nia event in 2010/2011 are analyzed and analyzed based on the measured data of sea surface temperature and wind field in the Tropical Pacific Ocean (TAO) tropical Pacific Ocean (TAO). The variation characteristics of the anomalous SST in the equatorial Pacific during this process are discussed. Its propagation process and the abnormal change mechanism of the upper SST field. The results show that the La Nia event of 2010/2011 is different from the traditional one and is an obvious central La Nia event (abbreviated CPP La Nia). There are mainly two response mechanisms : First, the sub-surface anomalous cold-sea temperature in the WPWP region extends along the thermocline eastward through the role of the equatorial potential, resulting in abnormal cooling of the upper eastern oceanic temperature field in the equatorial eastern Pacific; Ping Dongfeng, through the upwelling effect, resulted in the up-slipping of the SST over the upper Pacific SSTA. The former is a necessary condition for La Nia event and the latter is a key process for the formation of this central La Nia event. The results of the analysis also show that the zonal wind changes east of the equatorial Pacific east of the daily limit have a significant impact on the changes of the SST field above the western and central Pacific Ocean, which is an important mechanism leading to the outbreak of this central event. The paper further analyzes the changes of the tropical vertical circulation in the Central La Nia event. The results show that both the normal and latitudinal circulation show obvious anomalies.