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To investigate the effect of Dachengqi decoction on NF-κB p65 expression in lung of rats with partial intestinal obstruction and the underlying mechanism,30 SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operation group,model group and Dachengqi decoction treatment group (Dachengqi group),with 10 animals in each group.The models were made by partially ligating their large intestines outside the body.The pathological changes were analyzed by HE staining.The expression of NF-κB p65 in rats lung were measured by using real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry respectively.Moreover,the expression of caveolin-I in rats lung was also measured to.Increased edema,interstitial thickening,hemorrhage,and infiltration of inflammatory cells were found in the model group.In contrast,this change was significantly reduced in Dachengqi group as compared with model group.In addition,the up-regulated caveolin-1 and NF-κB p65 were also suppressed by Dachengqi decoction in lung of rats with partial intestinal obstruction.We are led to concluded that the caveolin-1-NF-κB pathway plays an important role in the development of lung injury of rats with partial intestinal obstruction and Dachengqi decoction could down-regulate the expression of caveolin-1 and NF-κB p65 in lung of rats with partial intestinal obstruction.