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在现代地震数据处理中,叠加是改善资料质量最重要的一步。在叠加过程中,时差校正就成为了至关重要的算子。为了得到高质量的叠加剖面,精确的时差校正公式就显得尤为重要。多聚焦技术利用波场综合的聚焦参数的更新代替了传统的速度更新,从而实现了多聚焦叠加并生成拟自激自收剖面。多聚焦时差校正公式在独立于地质构造模型和采集系统的情况下推导出来,其核心是选择合适的最优化方法。近年来,灵活多面体搜索技术(FPS)被应用到多聚焦参数最优化中,虽然是比较稳健的搜索方法,但将其应用到多聚焦技术最优化问题中去,还需要进行相应的改进。基于此,文章将多聚焦参数对转换到多面体空间并线性化使之适应数值计算,并提出了初始值的获取方法以及算法终止的判别标准。实测数据的叠加结果表明:FPS很好地实现了多聚焦参数的最优化,较好地实现了共中心点(CMP)的“同相叠加”。
In modern seismic data processing, overlay is the most important step toward improving data quality. In the process of superposition, time difference correction becomes the crucial operator. In order to get high-quality overlay profile, accurate time difference correction formula is particularly important. The multi-focus technique uses the updating of the focusing parameters of the wave field synthesis instead of the traditional speed update, so as to realize the multi-focus superposition and generate the self-excited self-excitation profile. The multifocal time difference correction formula is deduced independently of the geological structure model and the acquisition system. The core of this method is to select the appropriate optimization method. In recent years, the flexible polyhedral search technology (FPS) has been applied to the optimization of multi-focus parameters. Although it is a relatively robust search method, its application to multi-focus optimization needs to be improved. Based on this, the paper converts the multifocusing parameter to polyhedron space and linearizes it to adapt to the numerical calculation, and proposes the method of initial value acquisition and the criterion of termination of the algorithm. The superposition results of the measured data show that FPS can realize the optimization of multifocusing parameters well and realize the “co-phase superposition” of co-centered point (CMP) well.