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中国是世界上自然灾害最严重的国家之一,其中旱灾对农业生产和国民经济的影响甚大。因此,搞好防旱抗旱管理工作对保证我国经济建设持续、快速、稳定发展具有重要意义。 一、中国干旱概况 中国国土幅员辽阔,大部分地区属亚洲季风气候,降水量受海陆分布、地形地貌因素影响,年内季节分配也不平衡,年际变化大,形成东南多雨、西北干旱少雨的特点。
China is one of the countries with the most serious natural disasters in the world, among which drought has a great impact on agricultural production and the national economy. Therefore, improving drought-relief and drought-relief management is of great significance to ensuring the sustained, rapid and steady development of China’s economic construction. I. Overview of Drought in China China has a vast territory. Most of the area is an Asian monsoon climate. Precipitation is affected by the distribution of land and sea and topography. The seasonal distribution is also unbalanced over the year. The interannual variation is large, forming the characteristics of rainy weather in southeastern China and drought in northwestern China.