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20世纪历史哲学在上半叶由黑格尔式的思辨历史哲学转向历史认识论研究。之后 ,自 1 970年开始 ,它又经历了语言学转折。后者的表现便是叙述主义历史哲学的兴起。它注重分析历史文本的语言风格这类形式要素中表现的本质内涵 ,也在认识论的层面彻底消解了传统实在论意义上的历史客观性。人们对历史叙述过程诸要素有了越来越多的了解之后 ,对某一历史主题确立的目的和效果也就有了更有效的解析方法 ,进而为当代历史哲学重新深入历史本体 ,探讨宏大历史叙事与叙述权力创造了条件。当代历史哲学正以 2 0世纪历史认识论的成就为依据 ,在推进历史 /史学观念分析之时 ,也表现出一种重新步入思辨历史哲学领地的倾向。此时 ,具有前瞻性的世界史家也像当代历史哲学家那样 ,注意到了世界历史观念的现实意义。本栏选取的 4篇文章 (另外两篇将以后刊出 )便分别涉及到构成上述倾向的某些特定层面。
In the first half of the 20th century, the philosophy of history changed from Hegelian speculative philosophy of history to that of historical epistemology. Since then, it has undergone a turnaround in linguistics since 1970. The latter’s performance is the rise of narratological philosophy of history. It pays attention to the analysis of the essential connotation of the expression in the formal elements such as the linguistic style of the historical text, and also completely eliminates the historical objectivity in the sense of traditional realism at the epistemological level. After more and more understanding of the various elements of the process of historical narration, people have a more effective analytical method for the purpose and effect of the establishment of a historical theme, so as to deepen the historical noumenon of contemporary historical philosophy and explore the grand history Narrative and narrative power created the conditions. Contemporary philosophy of history is based on the achievements of epistemology of historical knowledge in the 20th century. While advancing the analysis of historical and historical concepts, it also shows a tendency to re-enter the historical and philosophical territory of history. At this time, forward-looking world historians, like contemporary philosophers of history, have taken note of the practical significance of the concept of world history. The four articles selected in this column (the other two will be published later) relate to certain specific aspects of the above tendencies.