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一、导 论 农村第一步改革打破了现代式的自然经济封闭,初步兴起了商品生产。现在从事的第二步改革,就是要继“初兴”而全面进入商品经济的大规模发展阶段。但事与愿违,从1985年开始,历时三年,我国农村商品经济的增长速度不仅没有加快,反而日趋减慢,出现了一些不景气征兆,在某些方面还潜伏着危机。以几个有代表性的主要经济数据为例,1979年至1984年,全国农业总产值、农民人均纯收入、粮食总产、皮棉总产、
I. Introduction The first step reform in rural areas broke the modern closed-door natural economy and initially brought up commodity production. The second step reform now under way is to enter the stage of large-scale development of the commodity economy in full swing following the “initial development.” However, contrary to expectations, from 1985 onwards, which lasted for three years, the growth rate of China’s rural commodity economy not only failed to speed up, but more and more slowly, with some signs of recession and in some aspects lurks a crisis. Taking several representative major economic data as an example, from 1979 to 1984, the gross national product of agriculture, per capita net income of farmers, total grain output, total lint yield,