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目的了解宁夏公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生状况,分析其变化规律,为加强监管提供依据。方法通过现场采样和实验室检测方法,对全自治区5个地级市辖区内155套集中空调通风系统进行了卫生学监测。结果对155家集中空调系统进行监测,全部监测指标均合格的有110家,平均合格率为70.97%。连续3年各年度平均合格率依次为72.00%、68.63%和72.22%。集中空调系统管道内表面真菌数超标率较低,平均合格率为98.47%;2011-2013年度各年度平均合格率依次为96.67%、99.33%和99.37%。2013年度从25份空调系统冷却水中检出3份嗜肺军团杆菌,检出率12.00%。结论宁夏公共场所集中空调通风系统总体卫生状况不佳,但真菌污染比较轻,应当加强监督监测力度和卫生管理。
Objective To understand the hygienic conditions of central air conditioning and ventilation system in public places in Ningxia and to analyze the changing rules and provide the basis for strengthening supervision. Methods By means of on-site sampling and laboratory testing, 155 sets of centralized air-conditioning and ventilation systems in five prefecture-level municipal districts of the whole autonomous region were monitored for hygiene. Results A total of 155 centralized air-conditioning systems were monitored. All of the 110 monitoring indicators were qualified, with an average passing rate of 70.97%. For three consecutive years, the average passing rate of each year was 72.00%, 68.63% and 72.22% respectively. The number of fungi exceeded the standard on the inner surface of central air-conditioning system was lower, with an average pass rate of 98.47%. The average pass rates for each year from 2011 to 2013 were 96.67%, 99.33% and 99.37% respectively. In 2013, 3 Legionella pneumophila strains were detected from 25 air-conditioning system cooling water, with a detection rate of 12.00%. Conclusion The overall hygienic condition of central air conditioning and ventilation system in public places in Ningxia is not good, but fungal pollution is relatively light. Supervision and monitoring and health management should be strengthened.