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目的调查铁岭市城乡孕妇碘营养水平的差异,为科学补碘提供依据。方法 2015年在铁岭市所辖6个县(市、区)中,每个县随机采集孕妇100名尿样和食用盐样品,检查尿碘和盐碘。结果 570名孕妇家碘盐合格率为92.98%,中位数为24.9 mg/Kg,其中城市合格率为100.00%,县级市、农村调查点的合格率分别是88.00%、92.00%。孕妇尿碘中位数为147.4μg/L,其中城市孕妇尿碘中位数为130.95μg/L,县级市孕妇尿碘中位数为151.85μg/L,农村孕妇尿碘中位数为153.85μg/L。孕妇尿碘低于100μg/L的低碘摄入率,城市最高为34.71%,县市级为25.50%,农村为19.00%,不同地区之间差异有统计学意义(χ~2=11.826,P=0.003);孕妇尿碘150~249μg/L适宜碘摄入农村最高为40.00%,县级市为34.00%,城市为25.29%,不同地区间差别有统计学意义(χ~2=8.953,P=0.011)。结论铁岭市尿碘水平在适宜范围,但碘摄入不足比较严重、碘适宜摄入中农村明显高于城市,建议加大对孕妇的碘营养监测。
Objective To investigate the differences of iodine nutrition among pregnant women in urban and rural areas of Tieling and provide the basis for scientific iodine supplementation. Methods In 2015, 100 urine samples and salt samples of pregnant women were randomly collected from 6 counties (cities and districts) under the jurisdiction of Tieling City to examine urine iodine and salt iodine. Results The qualified rate of iodized salt in 570 pregnant women was 92.98% with a median of 24.9 mg / Kg, of which the pass rate was 100.00% in urban areas and 88.00% and 92.00% respectively in county-level cities and rural investigation points. The median urinary iodine of pregnant women was 147.4μg / L, of which the urinary iodine median of urban pregnant women was 130.95μg / L, the median urinary iodine of pregnant women of county level was 151.85μg / L, and the median urinary iodine of rural pregnant women was 153.85 μg / L. The iodine intake rate of pregnant women with urinary iodine less than 100μg / L was 34.71% in urban area, 25.50% in county level and 19.00% in rural area, with significant differences between different regions (χ ~ 2 = 11.826, P = 0.003). The highest iodine intake of 150 ~ 249μg / L for pregnant women was 40.00% in rural areas, 34.00% in county-level cities and 25.29% in urban areas. There was significant difference between different regions (χ ~ 2 = 8.953, P = 0.011). Conclusion The urinary iodine level in Tieling City is in the suitable range, but the iodine intake is not enough, and the suitable iodine intake in rural areas is obviously higher than that in the urban areas. It is suggested to increase the monitoring of iodine nutrition in pregnant women.