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本文通过青岛沿海地区四座施工围埝的工程实践,对土石挡水围埝的使用条件、设计原则、施工要点和主要的经验教训作了全面的的论述。并着重阐述了为保证围埝安全、控制埝内最高充水位的稳定计算;围埝的渗透计算;合拢与开口方法和施工中的质量控制等问题。以供交流和探讨。笔者认为,在低水头、透水层较薄的地基上,采用就地取材的土石挡永围埝,作为主体工程干施工的手段,是经济合理的。鉴于它涉计到的水文、地质和水、土力学中的问题较多;对防渗、防浪、防冲的技术要求较高,所以设计的实现有一定的难度。但实践证明,只要从设计和施工上认真做好围埝防渗层的“清基”、夯实和接头、沉降等技术处理工作;周密考虑围埝的合拢、开口措施;加强质量控制,就能收到良好的技术、经济效果。
Based on the engineering practices of the four construction coffers in the coastal area of Qingdao, this paper comprehensively discusses the conditions of use, design principles, construction points and main experiences and lessons of the earth caves. The stability calculation of the highest water-filling level in the control tank, the calculation of infiltration of the enclosure, the method of closing and opening and the quality control in the construction are emphasized. For exchange and discussion. The author believes that in the low head, the thin layer of permeable ground, the use of locally obtained earth and stone block Yong Wai, as the main means of construction works dry, it is economical and reasonable. In view of the hydrology, geology and water involved in it, there are many problems in soil mechanics. The technical requirements for seepage prevention, wave prevention and anti-erosion are high, so the design has some difficulties. However, practice has proved that as long as the “clear base” of the perimeter impermeable layer is conscientiously done from the design and construction, the technical processing work such as joint and settlement is conscientiously carried out; careful consideration is given to the closing and opening measures of the perineum; and the enhancement of quality control Received a good technical and economic results.