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为了系统地研究GA_3和6-BA对金钗石斛(Dendrobiurn nobile)生长的影响,于石斛高分蘖期前10d进行2h浸根处理:GA_3设0.1、0.5、1.05.0mg.L~(-1)4个处理,6-BA设2、10、50、100mg.L~(-1)4个处理,清水浸根作对照。结果表明:GA_3、6-BA处理使SOD、POD活性升高,可溶性蛋白质和可溶性糖含量增加:溴甲酚绿法在630nm处比色检测结果发现:0.5～1.Omg.L~(-1)CA_3处理可使石斛次生代谢产物生物碱积累增加6.7～10.1%,而10mg.L~(-1)6-BA处理可增加生物碱3.4%;TCL分析表明石斛碱的含量不受GA_3、6-BA处理的影响,推测GA_3、6-BA处理可能使其它种类生物碱积累增加或是新的生物碱产生:产量分析结果显示,0.5—1mg.L~(-1)GA_3和10～50g.L~(-1)6-BA处理分别增加石斛生物产量13.3～30.7%、17.3～40.O%,有效分蘖率分别提高63.20～68.9%和63.1～82.1%,GA_3可显著促进石斛茎的延长生长。应用Gilson高效液相色谱系统测定石斛自然生长状态下内源激素的含量,结果表明:IAA在石斛高生长期5—8月份含量普遍较高,其中以6月份含量最多(4.84μg.g~(-1)FW),随石斛进入缓慢生长期和休眠期1AA含量逐渐降低,1月份达最低点(2.97μg.g~(-1)FW);ABA在5、6月份未能检出,在1月份达最高点(O.61μg.g~(-1)FW);GA_3在该方法体系中未能检出,推测与GA_3在营养组织中含量极低(1—10ng.g~(-1)FW)及其在提取过程中易被氧化分解有关。根据上述外源激素对石斛的生长效应和内源激素的变化规律研究,本文配制并初步试用激素营养液在石斛高生长期内进行处理,结果以1(50)mg.L~(-1)GA_3(6-BA)处理可以显蓍提高石斛生物产量(比CK增产38%),而且石斛生物碱含量增加5.6%。
In order to systematically investigate the effects of GA 3 and 6-BA on the growth of Dendrobium nobile, the roots of Dendrobium nobile under the high tillering stage of Dendrobium officinale were treated with 2 h before rooting: GA_3 was set at 0.1, 0.5 and 1.05.0 mg.L -1, 4 treatments and 6-BA treatments of 2, 10, 50 and 100 mg.L -1, respectively. The results showed that GA 3,6-BA increased SOD and POD activities and increased soluble protein and soluble sugar content. Colorimetric detection of bromocresol green at 630 nm showed that 0.5 ~ 1.Omg.L -1 ) CA_3 treatment increased the alkaloid accumulation of secondary metabolites of Dendrobium candidum by 6.7-10.1%, while the addition of 10mg.L -1 -1 BA treatment increased the alkaloids by 3.4%. TCL analysis showed that the content of dendrobin was not affected by GA_3, 6-BA treatment, suggesting that GA 3,6-BA treatment may increase the accumulation of other types of alkaloids or new alkaloids: Yield analysis showed that 0.5-1mg.L -1 GA 3 and 10-50g The biomass of Dendrobium officinale increased by 13.3-30.7% and 17.3-40.O%, respectively, and the effective tillering rate increased by 63.20-68.9% and 63.1-82.1% respectively. GA_3 could significantly promote the growth of D. officinale Prolong growth. The content of endogenous hormones in natural growth of Dendrobium candidum was determined by Gilson high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that the content of IAA in the high growth period of Dendrobium officinale was generally higher from May to August, with the content of IAA being the highest in June (4.84μg.g ~ (- 1) FW), the content of 1AA gradually decreased with the entering of slow-growing and dormant stages of Dendrobium, reaching the lowest point in January (2.97μg.g -1 FW); ABA failed to be detected in May and June, (0.61μg.g -1 FW) in the month, and GA 3 could not be detected in this method system. It is presumed that the content of GA 3 in the vegetative tissue is very low (1-10ng.g -1) FW) and its in the extraction process is easily oxidative decomposition. According to the above effects of exogenous hormones on the growth of endophyte and the regulation of endogenous hormones, hormone-nutrient solutions were prepared and initially tested in the high growth period of Dendrobium officinale. The results showed that 1 (50) mg.L -1 GA 3 (6-BA) treatment can significantly improve the biological yield of Dendrobium (38% more than CK), and the content of Dendrobium alkaloids increased by 5.6%.