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当今时代,技术创新是各个国家促进经济增长,增强综合国力的重要途径。传统增长理论认为经济增长主要靠资本和劳动两要素的投入,但长期下去,会存在资源短缺和要素投入不足的障碍,但此障碍能够通过技术创新提高要素生产率来实现突破,从而实现经济的可持续增长。技术创新是技术进步累积到一定程度上的质变。技术创新通过产生新思想、新知识不断推动科技向前发展,对经济增长起到了关键的作用。自古以来中外经济学家对技术创新展开了重点研究,并形成了一系列的理论和实证研究成果,本文主要介绍了技术进步外生的新古典增长理论和技术进步内生的新增长理论,以及我国有关技术创新对经济增长影响的一些实证研究成果,从而揭示技术创新在经济发展过程中的重要作用,为我国加快技术创新,实现经济可持续增长提供理论支撑。
In today’s era, technological innovation is an important way for all countries to promote economic growth and enhance their overall national strength. Traditional growth theory holds that economic growth depends mainly on the input of capital and labor. However, in the long run, there will be obstacles to resource shortage and insufficient input of factors. However, this obstacle can achieve breakthroughs through technological innovation to increase factor productivity so as to achieve economic Continued growth. Technological innovation is a qualitative change that has accumulated to a certain degree in technological progress. Technological Innovation Through the generation of new ideas and new knowledge, science and technology are continuously promoted and have played a key role in economic growth. Since ancient times, Chinese and foreign economists have carried out key research on technological innovation and have formed a series of theoretical and empirical research results. This paper mainly introduces the neo-classical growth theory of technological progress and the new growth theory of technological progress endogenous, China’s empirical research on the impact of technological innovation on economic growth, revealing the important role of technological innovation in economic development and providing theoretical support for accelerating technological innovation and achieving sustainable economic growth in China.