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本文讨论了法国汉学家德日进(1881—1955)的中国学研究。德氏系法国耶稣会士、哲学家、神学家、人类学家及古生物学家,于1923年首次入华,后于1926年至1946年生活在中国,主要居于天津、北京两地。在1926年至1946年间,他也亲眼见证了中国社会的动荡,并在书信中屡有谈及。在华期间,他在全中国开展科学考察,特别是在西藏、内蒙古和新疆。他最大的科学贡献之一即关于“北京人”(Sinanthropus Pekinensis)的著作。同利玛窦、汤若望和南怀仁等前辈一样,德日进也是一位耶稣会士科学家,但他的主要兴趣不在于中国文化,而在于人类起源以及从史前视角看待中国人同其他民族的关系。他的研究领域为跨文化研究提供了一个独特而富于创发性的前景:从人类在地球上出现开始,分析人种的差异。德日进的某些理论日后广为人知又极富争议,特别是在天主教会内部。因为他关于人类起源的研究对关于“原罪”教旨的一些肤浅的讲授方式构成了挑战。同样,他的进化理论也在哲学家和人类学家中间激起了巨大争论。本文旨在介绍德日进的中国回忆以及中国之于他的思想影响,同时探讨古生物学和人类起源研究在跨文化研究领域所扮演的角色,以及“人类拥有共同起源”这一事实如何有助于以更深的敬畏感处理文化差异。
This article discusses the study of Chinese studies by French sinologist Der Jr. (1881-1955). Desmonds, a French Jesuit, philosopher, theologian, anthropologist and paleontologist who first entered China in 1923, lived in China from 1926 to 1946 and lived mainly in Tianjin and Beijing. From 1926 to 1946, he also witnessed the turmoil in Chinese society and frequently mentioned it in letters. During his stay in China, he conducted scientific investigations throughout China, especially in Tibet, Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang. One of his greatest scientific contributions is the book on Sinanthropus Pekinensis. Like Ricci, Sourdorff and South Huaren, Germans and Japanese are also Jesuits scientists. However, his main interest lies not in Chinese culture but in human origins and the relationship between the Chinese and other peoples relationship. His field of research offers a unique and creative perspective on cross-cultural research: analyzing human race differences from the appearance of mankind on Earth. Certain theories of the German-Japan Progress became widely known and controversial in the future, especially within the Catholic Church. Because his research on the origins of human beings poses some challenges to some superficial teaching about the doctrine of “original sin.” Similarly, his theory of evolution also provoked a great deal of debate among philosophers and anthropologists. The purpose of this article is to introduce the Chinese memories of Germany and Japan as well as the influence of China on him. At the same time, it discusses the role of paleontology and human origin research in the field of intercultural research and the fact that “man has common origin” Helps to deal with cultural differences with a deeper sense of awe.