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本课题的考察范围,限定在湘北地区的一个普普通通、却古风依存的乡村——灌溪镇。楚越文化的交融辐射以及“楚人善讴”“湘俗嗜巫”的古老风俗,使这一区域积淀下深厚的历史文化底蕴,为这里的乡俗染上了一层巫风傩影的浅浅底色。这个正在逐步脱离世代相延的渔苇躬耕生活的乡镇,在向城市化与现代化迈进的过程中,依然显示出对古老乡俗的依恋,这幅包容着地方性知识以及大量的历史传统、文化娱乐、民间信仰、社区自治等多种信息的图景,正是可以代表湘北区域文化典型特征的人类学个案,而这也正是驱动本文关注于此的诱因。当然,学术界以往对湖南省整体音乐文化的研究,是我进入这一课题的背景,特别应当提及的是:杨荫浏先生于1956年带领中国艺术研究院音乐研究所考察组对湖南民间音乐的大面积普查以及那本在民族音乐领域影响越来越广泛的《湖南音乐普查报告》中提供的资料,20世纪80年代后开始的《中国民间音乐集成》编辑过程中积累的大量资料以及出版的湖南省各分卷中的材料,都对我的调查和研究具有指导性作用,并为本文的撰写奠定了基调,这是我在研究过程中对前辈学者常怀的景仰之情。
The scope of the study of this issue is limited to an ordinary, yet ancient-style village in the northern part of Hubei Province, Ganxi Township. The fusion of the cultures of Chu and Yue and the ancient customs of the “Chu people ’s goodwill” and “the gluttony of witchcraft” make this area a deep historical and cultural heritage and give the townsfolk a layer of witchcraft Wind shadow of the light background. This township and township, which is gradually cutting itself off from generation to generation in reed bowing, still shows its attachment to ancient townships during its march toward urbanization and modernization. This embraces local knowledge and a large number of historical traditions, Cultural and entertainment, folk beliefs and community autonomy are the anthropological cases that can represent the typical characteristics of the regional culture in the north of Hunan Province, and this is the incentive for this article to focus on this. Of course, in the past, the academic community’s study of the overall music culture in Hunan Province was the background for me to enter this topic. In particular, it should be mentioned that Mr. Yang Yinliu led the study group of the Institute of Chinese Academy of Arts in 1956 to Hunan folk The large-scale census of music and the information provided in the Hunan Music Census Report, which has a more and more widespread influence in the field of folk music, a large amount of information accumulated in the compilation of “Chinese Folk Music Integration” started after the 1980s, and All the materials in the sub-volumes of Hunan Province published have an instructive role in my investigation and research, and have laid the foundation for the writing of this article. This is my admiration for Chang Huai, a senior scholar in the course of my research.