患者男,43岁。20多天来无诱因极度疲乏,食欲减退,恶心呕吐,渐趋频繁严重。体检:BP12.0/8.0 kPa,意识不清,烦躁不安,皮肤干燥,眼球凹陷,舌干,膝反射减弱,右侧巴氏征(±)。余无异常发现。实验室检查:血糖37.8 mmol/L,钾2.3 mmol/L,钠170 mmol/L,氯123 mmol/L,二氧化碳结合力16.6 mmol/L,尿素氮28.5 mmol/L,血肌酐281.7μmol/L,血浆渗透压 Male patient, 43 years old. More than 20 days to no cause of extreme fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, becoming more and more serious. Physical examination: BP12.0 / 8.0 kPa, unconsciousness, restlessness, dry skin, depressed eyes, dry tongue, weakened knee reflexes, and right (P <. I found no abnormalities. Laboratory tests included 37.8 mmol / L of blood glucose, 2.3 mmol / L of potassium, 170 mmol / L of sodium, 123 mmol / L of chlorine, 16.6 mmol / L of CO 2, 28.5 mmol / L of urea nitrogen and 281.7 μmol / Plasma osmotic pressure