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目的:研究舟山市三疣梭子蟹养殖环境及生物体内几类主要细菌的数量分布和异养细菌的区系组成。方法:参照Oliver提供的海洋细菌鉴定检索图[1]、《海洋调查规范》[2]、和《一般细菌常用鉴定方法》[3]提供的图式鉴定至属。结果:总异养菌、弧菌、反硝化细菌、氨化细菌、硫酸还原菌、总大肠菌群和粪大肠菌群在水体、底泥和梭子蟹体内具有相同的数量变化趋势。所分离的细菌经鉴定可归于1个科与9个属,其中水体和底泥的菌群组成具有一定的差异,而梭子蟹体内与环境水体中的菌群组成差别不大。结论:当养殖环境水体中异养菌总数大于1.0×105cfu/ml,弧菌总数大于1.0×104cfu/ml时有可能引起梭子蟹病害的发生。
OBJECTIVE: To study the quantity distribution of several major bacteria in the breeding environment of Portunus trituberculatus and the flora of heterotrophic bacteria in Zhoushan City. METHODS: Reference is made to the maps provided by Oliver for a map of marine bacterial identification [1], “oceanographic survey code” [2], and “common bacterial identification methods” [3]. Results: The total number of heterotrophic bacteria, vibrios, denitrifying bacteria, ammonifying bacteria, sulfate reducing bacteria, total coliforms and fecal coliform bacteria had the same quantitative trend in water, sediment and shuttle. The isolated bacteria were identified as belonging to one family and nine genera, of which the composition of water body and sediment had some differences, but the composition of the bacteria in the body of the shuttle was not different from that in the environment. Conclusion: It is possible that shuttle disease may occur when the total number of heterotrophic bacteria in aquaculture environment is more than 1.0 × 105cfu / ml and the total number of vibrios is more than 1.0 × 104cfu / ml.