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由于集群网络的复杂性,集群创新机制的研究目前较为缺乏,有限的研究也往往假设集群企业具有同质性。本文提出,集群企业依据其在集群网络中的位置采用不同的学习策略,领导型企业更加侧重于探索式学习,跟随型企业更加侧重于利用式学习,两者的分工和异质性互动构成了集群持续创新的内在机理。本文在个体和企业层次双重学习研究的基础上,结合集群特有的组织条件,提出集群双重学习的机制,据此将集群企业进行分类,并建立集群中企业学习的理论模型,接着选取国内某地化工产业集群的236家企业作为样本,运用结构方程模型对集群中企业进行分类检验和比较研究。研究结果表明,集群中不同类型企业的学习策略存在差异,集群网络的作用是产生这一差异的可能原因;集群中不同类型企业的学习策略具有互补性,有利于企业间互动和集群的持续创新。
Because of the complexity of cluster network, the research on cluster innovation mechanism is lacking at present, and the limited research usually assumes the cluster enterprise has the same quality. This paper proposes that the clustering enterprises adopt different learning strategies based on their position in the cluster network. Leading enterprises are more focused on exploratory learning, and the follow-up enterprises are more focused on explorative learning. The division of labor and heterogeneity between the two organizations constitute The inherent mechanism of cluster continuous innovation. Based on the double study of individual and enterprise level, combined with the unique organizational conditions of cluster, this paper puts forward the mechanism of cluster double learning, classify cluster enterprises and establish the theoretical model of enterprise learning in clusters, 236 enterprises in the chemical industry cluster as a sample, using the structural equation model to classify the enterprises in the cluster inspection and comparative study. The results show that there are differences in the learning strategies of different types of enterprises in the cluster, and the role of the cluster network is the possible reason for this difference. The learning strategies of different types of enterprises in the cluster are complementary, which is conducive to the interaction between enterprises and the continuous innovation of clusters .