责任评价客体是具体行为,这也是行为刑法的应有之义。当然,在判断责任程度的时候,适当考虑人格因素也是合理的。其实,人格责任论也是以行为责任论为逻辑前提的。它是在行为责任为第一次责任判断的基础上的第二次责任判断,只具有补充作用。至于那种完全否认行为责任,仅仅以行为人性格作为责任判断客体的观点,显然是不可取的。心理责任论、规范责任论与实质责任论关系到责任的结构问题,这里所谓责任的结构,是指责任作为犯罪的构成要件包含的责任要素以及这些要素的排列。而心理责任论、规范责任论与实质责任论,就是围绕上述问题而展开的责任理论。从形式的责任概念到实质的责任概念是一个责任理论不断深化的过程,也是责任不断从心理向价值转变的过程。 Responsibility evaluation object is a specific act, which is the proper meaning of behavior criminal law. Of course, when judging the degree of responsibility, it is also reasonable to consider the personality factor properly. In fact, the theory of personality responsibility is based on the behavioral theory of responsibility as a logical premise. It is the second responsibility judgment based on the behavioral responsibility as the first judgment of responsibility, which only has the supplement function. As for the kind of completely denying the responsibility of conduct, it is obviously not desirable to regard the viewpoint of the actor’s personality as the object of judgment alone. The theory of psychological responsibility, normative responsibility and substantive responsibility are related to the structural problems of responsibility. The structure of responsibility here refers to the elements of responsibility and the arrangement of these elements that constitute the component of crime. However, the theory of psychological responsibility, normative responsibility and substantive responsibility are the theories of responsibility that focus on these problems. From the concept of form of responsibility to the concept of substantive responsibility is a process of deepening the theory of responsibility, but also a continuous shift of responsibility from the psychological to the value of the process.