一、概述紫菀别名小辫儿、山白菜、驴耳朵菜等,为菊科紫菀属多年生草本植物,一般植株高40—150厘米,根状茎短,簇生多数细根,外皮灰褐色。茎直;上部多分枝。基生叶大,丛生,匙形。开花时脱落,茎生叶片较小,披针形。头状花序排列成复伞房状,花梗上有短毛,边缘为舌状花,淡紫色,中央为两性菅状花黄色。瘦果长方状倒卵形,扁,冠毛灰白色或淡褐色。花期8—9月,果期9—10月。 First, an overview of Aster alias plait child, mountain cabbage, donkey ear dishes, as Compositae aster is a perennial herb, the general plant height 40-150 cm, short rhizomes, most clusters of fine roots, skin brown. Stems straight; upper branched. Basal leaves large, tufted, spatulate. When flowering off, cauline leaves smaller, lanceolate. Heads arranged in complex corymbose, pedicels have short hairs, the edge of the tongue-shaped flowers, lavender, the center of the genitals yellow flower. Achenes oblong-obovate, flat, crown hair gray or light brown. Flowering from August to September, the fruit from September to October.