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在我国农村贫困人口逐渐减少的情况下 ,城市贫困日益严峻 :贫困户的贫困程度加剧 ,贫富差距扩大 ;贫困职工绝大部分集中在中西部欠发达地区 ;文化程度偏低 ;不同阶层、行业、职业之间的居民收入差距拉大。城市贫困产生的原因概括起来有两个 :从国际上看 ,城市化进程伴随着城市贫困等社会问题的产生 ;从国内看 ,深层的原因是体制转轨导致社会分层结构向两极化发展。因此 ,新世纪中国城市反贫困应采取如下对策 :( 1 )城市化是我国经济发展新的增长点 ;( 2 )加快国有企业改革进程 ,拓宽中小企业就业渠道 ;( 3 )提高劳动者素质 ,以培训促进就业 ;( 4)创新扶贫制度是城市扶贫战略的灵魂 ;( 5)借鉴西方政府城市反贫困经验。
In China, the number of poor people in rural areas is gradually decreasing, the urban poverty is more and more serious: the poverty degree of poor households aggravates and the gap between rich and poor widens; the vast majority of poor workers are concentrated in the less developed central and western regions; the education level is low; , Widening the income gap between residents in occupations. The causes of urban poverty are summed up in two ways: From the international point of view, urbanization is accompanied by social problems such as urban poverty. From the domestic perspective, the deeper reason is that institutional transition leads to the polarization of social stratification. Therefore, in the new century, the following countermeasures should be taken to fight against poverty in Chinese cities: (1) Urbanization is a new growth point for China’s economic development; (2) To speed up the process of SOE reform and broaden the employment channels for SMEs; (3) To improve the quality of workers, (4) innovation and poverty alleviation system is the soul of urban poverty alleviation strategy; (5) learn from the anti-poverty experience of Western governments in cities.