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清朝八旗满洲、八旗汉军与绿营火器营的创制,历朝《会典》、《会典事例》的记载含混。本文考证了火器营的创始时间与背景;梳理了入关前“八旗火器营”即“八旗炮手兵”到“旧汉兵”、“汉军火器营”再到“八旗满洲火器营”各军兵种的制度演进路径;探讨了清军军制变革与八旗制的形成、清朝的国家政治建设互动关系,揭示了清军军制变革的路径依赖,强调了制度变革继承性。
Qing Dynasty Eight Banners Manchuria, Eight Banners Han army and green camp firearm creation, the calendar “Codex”, “Codexamples” record vague. This article examines the founding time and background of the firearm camp; sorts out the “Eight Banners Firearms Camp” or “Eight Banners Artillery” to “old Han Bing”, “Han Firearm Camp” before entering the Customs Explores the relationship between the reform of the military system and the formation of the banner of the Qing dynasty and the interactive relationship between the state political construction in the Qing Dynasty and reveals the path dependence of the military reform in the Qing army and emphasizes System change inheritance.