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通过采用RFPA2D软件对全断面岩石掘进机(TBM)盘形滚刀作用下岩石破碎机理进行数值模拟研究。分别模拟了单刀头、双刀头、三刀头作用下的岩体破碎过程,并对多刀头作用时进行了刀间距优化。模拟结果表明,岩石在单刀头作用下的破碎过程大体可以分为粉末体出现、粉核体形成、侧向裂纹产生与扩展、破碎块体出现4个阶段,并体现为以张拉为主、伴随挤压或剪切破坏等复杂破坏形式。在围压作用下,平行于围压方向的裂纹更容易产生与扩展,更有利于刀头侧向裂纹的贯通。多刀头之间有明显的协同作用效应,破碎比能随着刀间距的增加有一个逐渐增加然后减小的过程。数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合较好,可以为岩石掘进机设计、盘形滚刀布置提供参考。
Through the use of RFPA2D software, the crushing mechanism of rock under full-face TBM disc cutter was numerically simulated. The rock mass crushing process under single-head, double-head and triple-head is simulated respectively, and the knife spacing is optimized for multi-head action. The simulation results show that the crushing process of rock under the action of single-head can be divided into powder body, powder nucleus formation and lateral crack growth and expansion. The fractured block appears in four stages and is mainly tensioned. Complicated damage forms such as extrusion or shear failure. Under the action of confining pressure, the cracks parallel to the confining pressure are easier to be generated and expanded, which is more conducive to the penetration of the lateral cracks in the cutter head. There are obvious synergies between the multi-head, broken ratio with the increase of knife spacing has a gradual increase and then decrease the process. The numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results, which can provide references for rock tunnel boring machine design and disc cutter arrangement.