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湖南“两型社会”建设面临严峻的挑战:资源浪费和环境破坏较为严重,由此导致战略性资源供需矛盾越来越突出和人居环境恶化,政府对节能治污的动力不足和投入短缺,环保监督体系不健全,环境执法和环保监督乏力;其深层原因在于制度缺陷或缺失。因此,湖南“两型社会”建设的根本途径就在于体制和机制的创新,即:建立和不断完善资源和环境的合理开发的补偿机制,确保湖南经济社会发展过程中资源节约和环境友好目标的实现;改革和完善各级地方官员考核机制,不断增加湖南“两型社会”建设的财政投入;创新环保体制,加强环保部门的独立性,探索新能源开发和环境保护的融资方式;加强资源和环境的地方性法规建设,强化湖南节约资源和保护环境的执法力度;拓宽和健全公众参与环保渠道,加强湖南环境保护的社会监督。
Hunan is facing the severe challenge of building a “two-oriented society”: the waste of resources and environmental damage are more serious. As a result, the contradiction between the supply and demand of strategic resources has become increasingly prominent and the living environment has deteriorated. The government’s lack of motivation for energy-saving and pollution control Shortage, inadequate environmental supervision system, weak enforcement of environmental law enforcement and environmental protection; its underlying reason lies in the system defects or absences. Therefore, the fundamental way to build Hunan’s “two-oriented society” lies in the innovation of the system and mechanism, that is, to establish and continuously improve the compensatory mechanism for the rational development of resources and the environment so as to ensure resource-saving and environment-friendly in Hunan’s economic and social development Reforming and perfecting the appraisal mechanism of local officials at all levels and continuously increasing the financial input into Hunan’s “two-oriented society”; innovating the environmental protection system to enhance the independence of the environmental protection department and exploring ways of financing new energy development and environmental protection ; Strengthen the construction of local laws and regulations on resources and environment, strengthen the law enforcement of saving resources and protecting the environment in Hunan; broaden and improve public participation in environmental protection channels and strengthen social supervision of environmental protection in Hunan.