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监护制度是民事法律中一项重要的制度,现今各国民法中均对监护制度有规定。但在大陆法系中,针对父母与未成年子女之间设有专门的亲权制度,与一般的监护制度相区别。在我国民事法律中并未系统地对监护与亲权做出规定,而只是在《民法通则》总则中对监护做了原则性规定。这种笼统的规定使得监护人资格多元化,监护人责任也不够明晰,亲权与监护混为一谈,也使得法律在未成年利益保护方面留下遗漏。为了更好地保护未成年人利益,也为了更充分地体现监护制度的初衷,将亲权与监护制度加以区分,显得意义重大。
Guardianship system is an important system in civil law. Nowadays, civil guardianship system in all countries stipulates. However, in the civil law system, there is a special paternity system for parents and minor children, which is different from the general guardianship system. In China’s civil law, the guardianship and parental rights are not systematically stipulated, but merely the principle of guardianship is stipulated in the General Principles of Civil Law. Such general provisions make guardian diversification, lack of clarity of guardian responsibility, confusion between parental rights and guardianship, and leave the law omissions in the protection of minor interests. In order to better protect the interests of minors, but also to fully reflect the original intention of the guardianship system, the separation of parental and guardianship systems is of great significance.