内毒素系革兰氏阴性菌壁含脂多糖(LPS)的有毒成份,当肠道内有细菌死亡及生长活跃时,LPS大量产生。经常有小量的LPS被吸收,但被肝脏很快解毒。多年来很多学者研究这种正常解毒功能的丧失,有可能激起或加重肝损伤或引起全身性影响。本文综述了肝脏的网状内皮细胞、肠源性内毒素与肝脏损伤有关的一些实验与临床研究的证据。下图是要审议的一个假说:(a)门静脉血中有内毒素系正常的生理状态;(b)肝脏的血窦细胞,尤其是固定的巨噬细胞对内毒素的正常解毒极重要;(c)很多肝损伤开始时是肝血 Endotoxin is a toxic component of the Gram-negative bacterial wall containing lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is produced in large quantities when bacteria in the intestine die and are actively growing. Often a small amount of LPS is absorbed, but it is quickly detoxified by the liver. For many years, many scholars have studied the loss of normal detoxification function, which may cause or aggravate liver damage or cause systemic effects. This review summarizes evidence from some experimental and clinical studies related to liver reticuloendothelial cells, intestinal endotoxin and liver damage. The following figure is a hypothesis to be considered: (a) endotoxin in the portal vein is of normal physiological state; (b) sinusoidal cells of the liver, and especially fixed macrophages, are very important for normal detoxification of endotoxins; ( c) A lot of liver damage is liver blood at the beginning