1954年汛期,长江流域发生了近百年来所未有的特大洪水。由于暴雨持续时间长,强度大,范围广,上游与中下游雨期重叠,造成全江干支流河段洪峰累聚,洪水遭遇严重。干流枝江以下约1800公里长的河段,洪峰水位均突破历年最高记录。为了确保荆江大堤和武汉市的安全,进行了一系列有计划的分洪、蓄洪措施,实际分洪、溃口水量高达1100亿立米。仅荆江分洪工程就先后启闸分洪三次。由于高水 In the flood season of 1954, unprecedented floods occurred in the Yangtze River valley in nearly a century. Due to the long duration of heavy rainstorms, large intensity, wide range, overlap of upstream and downstream rainy periods, resulting in flood peaks of dry and branch streams in the whole river, floods have been serious. The main stream about 1,800 kilometers below the Zhijiang River, peak water levels have exceeded the highest record over the years. In order to ensure the safety of the Jingjiang Levee and Wuhan City, a series of planned flood diversion and flood storage measures were carried out to actual flood diversion and the amount of water spilled up to 110 billion cubic meters. Only Jingjiang flood diversion project has Kai flood diversion three times. Due to high water