肝门部胆管癌占所有胆道肿瘤的50%~70%,是最常见的胆道肿瘤,若能获得R0切除,5年生存率为17%~([1])。1965年美国学者Klatskin~([2])首次对肝门部胆管癌进行了阐述,并发现这种肿瘤预后差,通常死于肝功能衰竭或严重感染;若肿瘤不能切除,姑息治疗的主要目的是减黄,以延长患者的带瘤生存时间,改善其生存质量。近50年来,虽然关于肝门部胆管癌的自然病程、病理生理和生物学特性的理 Hilar cholangiocarcinoma accounts for 50% to 70% of all biliary tumors, and is the most common biliary tumor. If R0 resection is achieved, the 5-year survival rate is 17% ~ ([1]). 1965 American scholar Klatskin ~ ([2]) for the first time described the hilar cholangiocarcinoma and found that this tumor is poor prognosis, usually died of liver failure or severe infection; if the tumor can not be removed, the main purpose of palliative treatment Is to reduce the yellow, in order to extend the patient’s tumor survival time, improve their quality of life. Over the past 50 years, although the natural history of hilar cholangiocarcinoma, pathophysiology and biological characteristics of