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扶桑绵粉蚧(Phenacoccus solenopsis)于2008年首次在广东发现,到目前为止,浙江、广西、云南等10多个省市均有其入侵的报道。为探讨入侵中国的扶桑绵粉蚧是否存在两大隐存谱系或姊妹种的复合种,作者对浙江的该物种进行了调查。在调查过程中,发现体色浅橘黄色、背部具三对黄色斑点的体色变异型个体,通过形态特征比较和线粒体COI基因部分序列的分析,证实该体色变异型粉蚧为扶桑绵粉蚧。同时对中国、巴基斯坦、美国的扶桑绵粉蚧COI基因序列进行碱基差异比较、遗传距离(genetic distance)分析,发现所扩增的浙江省内6个地点7种不同寄主植物上的25条扶桑绵粉蚧COI基因(694bp)可以分成3种单倍型,这3种单倍型与中国海南、中国广州、巴基斯坦和美国加州的扶桑绵粉蚧遗传分歧较小(0–1.0%),而与美国佛罗里达州的遗传分歧较大(3–3.6%);但两者遗传距离小于绵粉蚧属内物种之间的遗传距离(13.0–17.2%)。综合形态特征和COI基因数据的分析结果显示,扶桑绵粉蚧可能没有达到种间分化。基于碱基差异所构建的网络关系图、遗传分歧差异和系统发生关系分析,扶桑绵粉蚧存在两个进化支系,至于是否是复合种,目前尚难作结论,还有待更多证据。
Phenacoccus solenopsis was first discovered in Guangdong in 2008, so far more than 10 provinces and cities such as Zhejiang, Guangxi and Yunnan have reported their invasion. In order to investigate whether there are two species of Hypsizygophagidae invaded China or not, the author investigated the species in Zhejiang Province. During the course of the investigation, we found body color mutant individuals with pale orange color and three pairs of yellow spots on the back. By comparing morphological characteristics and partial sequence analysis of mitochondrial COI gene, it was confirmed that the body color variant mealybug was Fusong powder Kuwana. At the same time, the base difference and genetic distance analysis of the COI gene sequences of Fusarium graminearum in China, Pakistan and the United States showed that there were 25 hibiscus species on 7 different host plants in 6 locations in Zhejiang Province. The COI gene (694bp) in Melastoma gigas can be divided into three haplotypes. The three haplotypes have less genetic divergence (0-1.0%) than those in Hainan, China, Guangzhou, Pakistan and California, USA The genetic divergence between Florida and Florida was greater (3-3.6%) than that of Florida (USA). However, the genetic distance between them was less than the genetic distance (13.0-17.2%) between the species belonging to the genus Melastomata. The results of comprehensive morphological characteristics and COI gene data showed that Fusarium mofetilis may not achieve interspecific differentiation. Base on the network differences constructed by the network map, differences in genetic differences and phylogenetic relationships analysis, Fupalifera mealybugs there are two evolutionary clades, as for whether it is complex, it is difficult to make conclusions, yet more evidence.