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2011年3月11日的东日本大地震发生后,表明日本极易受到自然灾害的破坏,但缺乏足够为减轻自然灾害的社会制度。首先,介绍了从近些年的自然灾害中得出的经验,包括1995年阪神―淡路地震、2011年东日本大地震、2015年关东地区洪水和2016年熊本地震等。然后,指出了与灾害相关知识社会化的必要性,以及发展自然灾害安全指标体系的必要性,为政策制定者和决策者提供优先考虑且可执行的缓解措施。最后,对当前土木工程专业所缺乏的减轻自然灾害的考虑提出些许建议。
After the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011, Japan showed that it was extremely vulnerable to natural disasters but lacked enough social systems to ease natural disasters. First of all, we introduce the experiences we have gained from natural disasters in recent years, including the 1995 Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011, the 2015 Kanto Flood and the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake. Then, the necessity of socialization of disaster-related knowledge and the need to develop a natural disaster safety indicator system were pointed out to provide policymakers and policy makers with prioritized and enforceable mitigation measures. Finally, a few suggestions are put forward for the consideration of mitigating natural disasters which is currently lacking in civil engineering.