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目的 掌握陕西省大骨节病病区及患者的基本情况,为大骨节病防控提供理论依据.方法 2018年,调查陕西省大骨节病病区村基本现状及防控措施的落实情况;对病区村全部人口进行大骨节病普查,采集患者基本信息、病情及治疗情况等内容.结果 陕西省大骨节病病区涉及62个县、4 194个村,其中,已完成整村改水的病区村3 886个,部分改水村215个,未改水村93个;达到饮用水卫生标准的病区村3 835个,占91.44％.共确诊大骨节病现症患者60 157例,男女性别比为1.0∶0.9(31 531∶28 626),患者年龄主要集中在40～65岁,且无儿童新发病例;其中,大骨节病Ⅰ度患者38 448例、Ⅱ度18 589例、Ⅲ度3 120例;患者职业分布以农民为主,共59 703例,占99.25％;文化程度分布以小学为主,共31 108例,占51.71％;已完成手术治疗的患者876例,长期服药治疗的患者23 284例.结论 陕西省近年来无儿童大骨节病新发病例,但成人大骨节病病情严重,应加大救治救助力度.“,”Objective To master the basic conditions of Kaschin-Beck disease areas and patients in Shaanxi Province,and provide a theoretical basis for prevention and control of Kaschin-Beck disease.Methods In 2018,the basic situation of the villages in Kaschin-Beck disease areas of Shaanxi Province and the implementation of prevention and control measures were investigated.The data of general population information,condition and treatment were collected from all the disease affected villages.Results The Kaschin-Beck disease areas of Shaanxi Province involves 4 194 disease affected villages in 62 counties.Among them,3 886 villages had completed the whole village water reform,215 villages changed some of the water,and 93 villages had not changed water;there were 3 835 disease affected villages met the hygienic standard of drinking water,accounting for 91.44％.A total of 60 157 patients with Kaschin-Beck disease were diagnosed.The male-female ratio was 1.0:0.9 (31 531:28 626).The age of the patients was mainly between 40 and 65 years old.There were no new cases of children.Among them,38 448 were degree Ⅰ patients,18 589 were degree Ⅱ patients and 3 120 were degree Ⅲ patients.The occupational distribution of patients was mainly peasant,with 59 703 cases,accounting for 99.25％.The distribution of education was mainly primary school,with 31 108 cases,accounting for 51.71％.There were 876 patients who had completed surgery and 23 284 patients who had been treated with long-term medication.Conclusions In recent years,there is no new case of Kaschin-Beck disease in children in Shaanxi Province.However,the condition of Kaschin-Beck disease in adults is serious,and great efforts should be made in rescue.