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目的 :从流行病学角度了解苏州市老年人听力状况。方法 :用随机抽样法对苏州市区部分居委会和郊区部分乡村 6 0岁以上老年人进行问卷调查 ,测血压、血糖 ,行耳部及纯音听阈检查。结果 :共调查 10 40人 ,城市 5 0 5人 ,农村 5 35人 ,男 473人 ,女 5 6 7人。听力情况 :城市 :疾病聋 33人 (6 .5 3% ) ,老年性聋 2 82人 (5 5 .84% ) ,噪声聋 2 1人 (4 .16 % ) ;农村 :疾病聋 35人 (6 .5 4% ) ,老年性聋 2 32人 (4 3.36 % ) ,噪声聋 4人 (0 .75 % )。两地区老年性聋发生率城市高于农村 ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1)。各年龄组平均听阈测值显示老年人听阈随年龄增加而提高 ,且高频听力下降更明显。结论 :老年人听力减退主要原因为老年性聋。城市中全身老年性疾病发病率高于农村 ,可能是导致非边远地区城市老年性聋发生率高于农村的主要原因。积极防治某些老年性疾病如高血压、动脉硬化、糖尿病等将有助于延缓、改善老年性聋
Objective: To understand the hearing status of the elderly in Suzhou City from the perspective of epidemiology. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted on some neighborhoods in the urban area of Suzhou and rural areas in the suburbs over 60 years of age by random sampling method. Blood pressure, blood glucose, ears and pure tone hearing threshold were examined. Results: A total of 10 40 people were surveyed, 550 in urban areas, 5 35 in rural areas, 473 males and 567 females. Hearing conditions: City: 33 (6.33%) were deaf, 2282 (55.44%) were senile deaf, 21 (4.16%) were deaf, 35 were rural 6.54%), senile deafness 2 32 (4 3.36%), and noisy deafness 4 (0.75%). The prevalence rate of senile deafness in both regions was higher than that in rural areas, with significant difference (P <0.01). The average hearing threshold of each age group shows that the hearing threshold of the elderly increases with age, and the hearing loss of high frequency is more obvious. Conclusion: The main reason of hearing loss in the elderly is senile deafness. The prevalence of systemic senile diseases in urban areas is higher than that in rural areas, which may be the main reason for the higher prevalence of senile deafness in urban areas than in rural areas in non-remote areas. Active prevention and treatment of certain senile diseases such as hypertension, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, etc. will help to delay and improve senile deafness