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测定32例老年及30例中年男性餐前、餐后15、60、120分钟的坐、立位血压及心电图,餐后15分钟5个代谢当量运动后的坐、立位血压及心电图。结果:老年组餐后60分钟收缩压(SP)下降最大,由18.5±2.8至17.2±2.6kpa(P<0.05),心率平均上升15次/分(P<0.001)。中年组餐后120分SP下降最大,17.1±1.9至15.9±1.7kpa(P<0.05),心率上升18次/分(P<0.001)。中年及老年组空腹SP与餐后SP变化均呈线性负相关(r=-0.572,P<0.05与r=-0.63,P<0.01)。有否SP升高者(SP≥21.3kpa),餐后60分SP下降分别为1.79±1.02与1.08±1.72kpa(P<0.05),运动后SP升高分别为1.5±2.78与2.76±2.78kpa(P<0.05)。运动后老年组及中年组SP升高,分别为2.55±2.77和1.5±1.54(P>0.05)。运动后即刻起立性低血压增多,老年组达25%,中年组10%(P<0.05)。有否运动后起立性低血压者,空腹SP分别为20.2±2.3与18±2.6kpa(P<0.05)。运动后心电图均未出现异常。结论:中、老年人可出现餐后低血压。空腹SP越高,餐后SP降低越著,运动后体位性低血压发生机会越多。无严重心脑血管疾病者,餐后中等量体育运动对心血管无明显不良影响,但应注意防止体位性低血压。对高龄老人、血压重度升高及严重心脑血管病患者,餐后运动还应慎行。
The sitting and standing blood pressure and electrocardiogram of 15 elderly men and 30 middle aged men were measured before and 15, 60 and 120 minutes postprandially. Results The systolic blood pressure (SP) decreased most significantly in the elderly group from 18.5 ± 2.8 to 17.2 ± 2.6kPa (P <0.05) and heart rate increased 15 times / min (P <0.001) 60 minutes after the meal. The middle-aged group had the largest decrease in SP at 120 minutes after meal, ranging from 17.1 ± 1.9 to 15.9 ± 1.7 kPa (P <0.05), and heart rate rose 18 beats / min (P <0.001). The fasting SP and the postprandial SP in middle-aged and elderly patients showed a linear negative correlation (r = -0.572, P <0.05 and r = -0.63, P <0.01). (SP≥21.3kPa) and postprandial 60th SP decreased 1.79 ± 1.02 and 1.08 ± 1.72kpa (P <0.05) respectively. After exercise, the increase of SP was 1.5 ± 2.78 and 2.76 ± 2.78kpa respectively (P <0.05). After exercise, the elderly group and middle age group SP increased, respectively, 2.55 ± 2.77 and 1.5 ± 1.54 (P> 0.05). Immediately after exercise, orthostatic hypotension increased, reaching 25% in the elderly group and 10% in the middle-aged group (P <0.05). After exercise, those with orthostatic hypotension, fasting SP were 20.2 ± 2.3 and 18 ± 2.6kpa (P <0.05). No abnormal ECG after exercise. Conclusion: Middle and old people may have postprandial hypotension. The higher the fasting SP, the lower the postprandial SP, the more chances of postural orthostatic hypotension occur. No serious cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, moderate postprandial physical activity on the cardiovascular no significant adverse effects, but should be taken to prevent orthostatic hypotension. For elderly people, severe hypertension and severe cardiovascular disease, postprandial exercise should be cautious.