论文部分内容阅读
一、引言 目前金属铝的生产、主要是靠霍尔—埃鲁法—冰晶石氧化铝熔融盐电解法。这种方法存在许多缺点:生产过程温度高,一般为950～970℃;电能消耗大,一般为16000～13000千瓦时/顿铝;电解质的侵蚀性大;单位设备的生产能力低。所以,人们对于新法炼铝的研究一直也没停止过。按照当前的资料,研究过的新炼铝方法有:炭热还原法,就是用碳直接还原铝矿石,生产出粗铝硅合金,然后用低价卤化物法从粗铝硅合金中提取纯铝,或是提取共晶铝硅;锰还原法(托思法);氯
I. INTRODUCTION At present, the production of aluminum metal is mainly based on Hall-Elofa-cryolite alumina molten salt electrolysis. This method has many shortcomings: high temperature of the production process, usually 950 ~ 970 ℃; large power consumption, usually 16000 ~ 13000 kWh / Dayton; electrolyte erosion of large; unit production capacity is low. Therefore, people’s study of the new law alchemy has never stopped. According to the current information, the new method of aluminum refining has been studied: carbon thermal reduction method, that is, direct reduction of carbon ore with aluminum to produce crude aluminum-silicon alloy, and then use low-cost halide method from the crude aluminum-silicon alloy extracted pure aluminum , Or extracted eutectic Al-Si; manganese reduction method (Tocsys method); chlorine