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目的总结和分析国家医疗专家组在“4·20”芦山地震中的医学救援作用及救治经验。方法回顾性分析2013年4月20日至5月8日期间,国家医疗专家组在芦山地震(里氏7.0级)灾区的医疗救援工作,包括派遣医疗专家组的人员组成及地震伤员的救治情况。结果医疗专家组共接诊地震伤员290例,累计完成手术98台,治疗重症患者71例;地震伤员以中老年人多见,受伤部位以下肢骨折多见;除3例伤员一到达医院就死亡外,本组其余地震伤员无一例死亡,也无一例出现严重并发症。结论国家医疗专家组在芦山地震动态检伤分类、科学急救、院内救治中发挥了非常重要的作用。早期科学分级救治、早期手术治疗、实行诊治多学科专家会诊及制订个体化的治疗方案是降低灾区伤员致残率及死亡率的关键。
Objective To summarize and analyze the experience of medical rescue and treatment of medical experts in the “4.20” Lushan earthquake. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical rescue work conducted by the national medical experts from April 20 to May 8, 2013 in the affected area of Lushan earthquake (7.0 in Richter scale), including the composition of the dispatched medical experts and the treatment of the earthquake victims . Results A total of 290 cases of earthquake victims were admitted to medical experts group, 98 cases were completed and 71 cases of severe cases were treated. The earthquake casualties were more common in middle-aged and elderly people. Fractures of the lower extremities were more common in the injured area. Except for 3 cases, the wounded died on arrival In addition, none of the other earthquake victims in this group died nor did they have serious complications. Conclusion The national medical experts played a very important role in the dynamic inspection and classification of Lushan earthquake, first aid and hospital treatment. Early scientific grading treatment, early surgical treatment, the implementation of diagnosis and treatment of multidisciplinary consultations and the development of individualized treatment programs is to reduce the disability rate of wounded victims and mortality rate of the key.