为了解儿童颅咽管瘤术后死亡原因，提高手术治愈率，对２７例经手术和病理证实的颅咽管瘤术后死亡原因进行回顾性分析。颅咽管瘤术后主要死亡原因为癫痫、肺水肿、肺炎、颅内压增高、水及电解质紊乱、视丘下部综合征、颅内感染。选择适宜的手术入路并尽可能全切除或近全切除肿瘤，减少并发症是提高疗效的关键。 To understand the causes of postoperative death in children with craniopharyngioma and to improve the cure rate, retrospective analysis was made on the causes of postoperative death in 27 cases of craniopharyngioma confirmed by surgery and pathology. The main causes of death of craniopharyngioma postoperative epilepsy, pulmonary edema, pneumonia, increased intracranial pressure, water and electrolyte disorders, hypothalamic syndrome, intracranial infection. Select the appropriate surgical approach and resection or near total resection of the tumor as possible to reduce complications is to improve the efficacy of the key.