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目的探讨无锡市蠡园街道手足口病流行病学特征及影响因素,为预防控制手足口病提供科学依据。方法选择2010—2012年蠡园街道报告的手足口病共246例,查阅中国疾病监测信息报告管理系统及无锡市滨湖区统计年鉴,获得流行病报告资料及人口资料,采用描述性和分析性流行病学方法,分析手足口病发病的时间分布、性别分布、年龄分布及人群分布,并对重症病例进行实验室检查。计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果蠡园街道手足口病发病高峰2010年为3-4月,2011为6-7月和11-12月,2012年发病高峰为5-7月。2010—2012年蠡园街道手足口病年均报告发病率男性为93.64/10万,女性为68.95/10万,比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.18,P<0.05);发病年龄主要集中在5岁以下,其中1～4岁年龄段发病最多,共报告220例,占5岁以下发病数的97.78%;散居儿童手足口占49.59%;幼托机构手足口病124例,占50.41%;散居儿童和托幼机构发病率比较,差异无统计学意义((χ2=0.016,P>0.05);共采集重症手足口病7例,其中EV71型阳性4例,CoxA16阳性1例,通用肠道病毒阴性2例。结论根据手足口病流行特征,有关部门应加强手足口病防控力度,重点对象为1～4岁儿童。
Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of HFMD in Liyuan Street in Wuxi and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD. METHODS: A total of 246 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported from 2010 to 2012 in Jieyuan Street. The data of China Disease Surveillance Information Report Management System and Statistical Yearbook of Binhu District of Wuxi City were consulted to obtain epidemiological report data and demographic data. Descriptive and analytical Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the time distribution, gender distribution, age distribution and population distribution of hand-foot-mouth disease, and to carry out laboratory tests on severe cases. Count data using χ2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The peak incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease in Jieyuan Street was from March to April in 2010, from June to July and from November to December in 2011, and peaked in May to July in 2012. The annual incidence of HFMD in Jieyuan Street from 2010 to 2012 was 93.64 / lakh and 68.95 / lakh respectively, with significant difference (χ2 = 7.18, P <0.05). The age of onset was mainly in the 5 years old, of which 1 to 4 years of age the most incidence, a total of 220 cases reported, accounting for 97.78% of the number of incidence of 5 years of age; children with hand-foot mouth scattered accounted for 49.59%; child care institution hand-foot-mouth disease 124 cases, accounting for 50.41% The incidence of children and nurseries was no significant difference (χ2 = 0.016, P> 0.05); 7 cases of severe HFMD were collected, of which 4 were EV71 positive, 1 was CoxA16 positive, Negative in 2 cases.Conclusion According to the characteristics of HFMD, relevant departments should strengthen the prevention and control of hand, foot and mouth disease, the key target is 1 to 4 years old children.