序 言 按照惯例,金属的热处理和变形工艺无论在理论上还是实践中都是分开的。原因的一方面是,奥氏体化会完全消除任何变形组织;另一方面是,马氏体钢以前很难变形。有色合金大部分是不可以热处理的,而采用了一些能热处理的有色合金也没有能够立即改变以前先入为主的看法。金属的成形,特别是热变形,以往认为仅仅是改变形状的手 Preface By convention, metal heat treatment and deformation processes are separated in theory and in practice. One reason for this is that austenitization completely eliminates any deformed tissue; on the other hand, martensitic steels have been previously hard to deform. Most of the non-ferrous alloys are not heat-treatable, and the use of some non-ferrous alloys that can be heat treated does not immediately change the previous preconceived notion. Metal forming, especially thermal deformation, in the past that only the shape of the hand