一、引言农业在大多数发展中国家经济发展中的重要性是众所周知的,而且怎样强调也不会过分。在一个农业部门庞大而落后,而工商业部门规模小而比较先进的二元经济国家里,这种经济发展通常被看成是该国从以农业为主的经济向以工业为主的经济转变的过程。一般说来,要进行这种转变,农业就必须完成以下几个任务:它必须为工业部门的发展增加粮食供给;它必须释放一部分劳动力到工业部门工作;它必须以出口收入为主, I. INTRODUCTION The importance of agriculture in the economic development of most developing countries is well known and can not be overemphasized. In a dual economic country where the agricultural sector is large and backward and the business sector is small and relatively advanced, this economic development is generally seen as a shift from an agrarian-based economy to an industrial-based economy process. In general, to make such a shift, agriculture must fulfill the following tasks: It must increase the food supply for the development of the industrial sector; it must release a part of its workforce to the industrial sector; it must make its export earnings the most important,