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目的调查某军事院校学员职业紧张现况,并分析其影响因素。方法使用自行设计的基本情况调查表和职业紧张问卷(OSI-R)作为调查工具,采用整群抽样的方法抽取某军事院校1 425名在读学员进行调查,并将学员的职业紧张情况与西南地区职业人群常模进行比较分析。结果学员职业任务问卷(ORQ)、个体紧张反应问卷(PSQ)和应对资源问卷得分分别为(170.6±19.1)、(94.1±14.9)和(135.8±21.4)分,均高于西南地区常模(P<0.05)。学员与常模比较,职业任务重,紧张反应强,但个体应对资源能力却较强。单因素分析显示,对紧张反应的影响因素分析中,军龄、血型、体质指数(BMI)、入学时间、是否吸烟、饮食习惯差异有显著性(P<0.05);对应对资源的影响因素分析中,民族、入学时间、家庭地址、饮食习惯差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元回归分析显示,任务过重、任务不适、任务模糊、任务冲突、责任感、工作环境、应对资源、娱乐休闲、自我保健、社会支持、理性处事、是否吸烟、饮食习惯和BMI为个体紧张反应的影响因素(P<0.01)。结论该军校学员有较高的职业紧张水平,但是应对能力较强。个体紧张反应主要影响因素为任务过重、任务不适、任务模糊、任务冲突、责任感、工作环境、应对资源、娱乐休闲、自我保健、社会支持、理性处事、是否吸烟、饮食习惯和BMI。
Objective To investigate the occupational stress of a military college student and to analyze its influential factors. Methods Based on the self-designed OSI-R questionnaire and the cluster sampling method, a total of 1 425 in-service trainees were enrolled in the survey and the occupational stress of the students was compared with that of the Southwest Regional occupational patterns of norm for comparative analysis. Results The scores of ORQ, PSQ, and RES were respectively (170.6 ± 19.1), (94.1 ± 14.9) and (135.8 ± 21.4) points, which were all higher than those in the Southwest China P <0.05). Students compared with norm, occupational tasks, intense reaction, but the individual ability to deal with resources is strong. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in age, blood type, body mass index (BMI), admission time, whether smoking and eating habit (P <0.05) in the analysis of the influencing factors of stress response. , Nationality, enrollment time, home address, dietary difference were statistically significant (P <0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that individuals with stressful tasks, discomfort of tasks, ambiguity of tasks, conflicts of responsibility, responsibility, work environment, coping resources, entertainment and leisure, self-care, social support, rational treatment, smoking, eating habits and BMI Influencing factors (P <0.01). Conclusion The cadets have higher occupational stress level, but they have stronger coping skills. The main influencing factors of individual nervous reaction are overworked task, task ambiguity, task ambiguity, task conflict, responsibility, work environment, coping resources, recreation, self-care, social support, rational work, smoking, eating habits and BMI.