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稻瘟病是危害水稻的最严重病害之一,探索利用外源基因提高水稻抗稻瘟病水平对现代育种具有重要意义。本研究从T2代起逐代增加抗性选择压,采用苗期人工混合接种和病圃田自然诱发等鉴定方法,对转基因水稻后代进行稻瘟病抗性鉴定和筛选,在T5代获得了7个稻瘟病抗性极显著增强的转McCHIT1基因水稻稳定株系。通过7个生理群26个生理小种的115个稻瘟病有效单孢菌株苗期抗谱测定,这7个株系的抗病频率为52.2%~61.7%,比受体对照缙恢35(36.5%)高15个百分点以上,主要增加了对ZE群生理小种的抗性,提高了对ZG群、ZF群和优势种群ZB群生理小种的抗性。3个株系C36-2-1、C21-6-2、C21-3-1的结实率达80%以上,是丰抗结合较好的转McCHIT1基因株系。McCHIT1基因具有广谱抗性,将其遗传转化水稻,采用“逐代增加选择压,抗中选抗”的方法,可筛选出稻瘟病抗性优良、抗谱明显拓宽、产量性状较好的转基因稳定株系。
Rice blast is one of the most serious diseases that endanger the development of rice. It is of great significance for modern breeding to explore the use of exogenous genes to improve rice blast resistance. In this study, resistant selection pressure was gradually increased from T2 generation, and blast resistance selection and screening of transgenic rice progenies were carried out by artificial inoculation at seedling stage and natural induction of disease. Rice blast disease resistance was significantly enhanced in transgenic rice lines with McCHIT1. The anti-disease frequency of 115 isolates of Blast Blast Blast, tested in 26 physiological races from 7 physiological populations, was 52.2% -61.7%, which was higher than that of the control, Jinhui 35 %) Was higher than 15%, which mainly increased the resistance to ZE race and increased the resistance to ZB, ZF and ZB populations. The seed-setting rate of C36-2-1, C21-6-2 and C21-3-1 of the three lines was more than 80%, which is a transgenic McCHIT1 gene line with good abundance and resistance. The broad-spectrum resistance of the McCHIT1 gene, which was transformed into rice genetically, was screened out for its excellent resistance to rice blast, broad spectrum of resistance, and good yield traits Transgenic Stable Lines.