为明确生物炭添加对皖南旱地典型土壤供水能力的影响,采用室内模拟实验,研究了3种生物炭(竹炭、稻炭和烟炭)及3种添加比例(2%,5%,10%)对皖南旱地土壤物理性质及水分特征的影响。结果显示:土壤容重随生物炭添加量的增加而减小,土壤总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、吸湿系数、凋萎湿度、饱和持水量及田间持水量随生物炭的添加而呈增加的趋势,竹炭2%、5%和10%添加处理及稻炭与烟炭5%和10%添加处理在降低土壤容重、增加孔隙度、吸湿系数、凋萎湿度、饱和持水量和田间持水量较对照有差异显著(P<0.05)。随着生物炭添加量的增加,土壤有效水分范围进一步增大,速效水与中效水含量增加,提高了土壤对作物的供水能力;同时,生物炭在一定程度上减少了水分蒸发,提高了土壤的保水保湿能力。因此,合理施用生物炭对改善土壤供水能力有着重要作用,在我国南方红壤旱地中有很强的适用性。 In order to clarify the effect of biochar addition on the typical soil water supply capacity in southern Anhui Province, three biochar (charcoal, rice and charcoal) and three kinds of biochar (2%, 5%, 10% Effects of soil physical properties and water characteristics on dryland in South. The results showed that the bulk density of soil decreased with the addition of biochar, and the total porosity, capillary porosity, hygroscopicity coefficient, wilting humidity, saturated water holding capacity and field water holding capacity increased with the addition of biochar, Bamboo charcoals with 2%, 5% and 10% addition treatment and 5% and 10% addition treatment of rice charcoal and charcoal had significant effects on reducing soil bulk density, increasing porosity, moisture absorption coefficient, wilting humidity, saturated water holding capacity and field water holding capacity The difference was significant (P <0.05). With the increase of the amount of biochar, the range of soil available moisture increased further, and the content of quick-acting water and medium-efficiency water increased, which increased the ability of soil to supply water to crops. At the same time, biochar reduced the evaporation of water to a certain extent, Soil moisture retention capacity. Therefore, the rational use of biochar plays an important role in improving soil water supply capacity, and it has strong applicability in dryland of red soils in southern China.