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目的初步了解云南省吸虱昆虫的基本种类及分布状况. 方法在对云南省9个县(市)进行抽样调查的基础上,归纳、总结了从小型哺乳动物(小兽)体表所采集到的吸虱昆虫种类.小兽用鼠笼加食饵诱捕,从小兽宿主体表所采集的吸虱经过常规逐级脱水、透明、干燥处理、制成玻片标本后于显微镜下鉴定. 结果在9个县(市)共捕获到2 745只小兽,经分类鉴定隶属5目(啮齿目、食虫目、攀鼩目、兔形目和食肉目)、10科、25属、41种.从各种小兽宿主体表共采集到吸虱昆虫18 165只,经分类鉴定隶属4科、6属、22种,其种类明显少于宿主种类.大多数小兽宿主体表都有固定的吸虱种类寄生(但种类数很少,1～4种). 结论小兽体表吸虱昆虫种类较少,多数小兽体表都有固定的吸虱种类寄生.“,”Objective To primarily understand the basic species composition and distribution of sucking lice in Yunnan Province of China. Methods Nine counties (towns) in Yunnan Province of China were investigated for the species of sucking lice on the body surface of small mammals. The small mammals were captured by mouse traps. The sucking lice collected from the body surface of small mammal hosts were dehydrated, made transparent and mounted on slides first in a conventional way and finally identified one by one under a microscope. Results 2 745 small mammals were captured from the investigated sites and identified as 10 families, 25 genera and 41 species in 5 orders (Rodentia, Insectivora, Scandentia, Logomorpha and Carnivora). 18165 individuals of sucking lice were collected from the body surface of the small mammal hosts and then identified as 4 families, 6 genera and 22 species in Anoplura. Most species of small mammals have their fixed sucking lice species on their body surface and one species of small mammals usually have only 1 to 4 species of sucking lice. All the species of sucking lice, together with their hosts and collected sites, are listed in details (according to the sequence of family, genus and species) in the paper. The names of small mammals are also simply listed out. Conclusion There are relatively less sucking louse species on the body surface of small mammals and most species of small mammals have their fixed louse species.