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目的分析重庆市2004-2010年急性出血性结膜炎的流行特征,为预防和控制该病提供科学依据。方法结合2004-2010年重庆市疾病监测信息系统报告的流行病学个案信息和突发公共卫生事件网络报告系统报告的暴发疫情,使用Excel及SPSS软件进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2004-2010年,重庆市共报告急性出血性结膜炎病例18 730例,无死亡。年平均报告发病率为9.36/10万。呈现出2007年和2010年2个发病高峰;9～10月份为该病高发季节;发病男∶女=1.59∶1,发病年龄10～14岁为主,占发病总数的23.79%;学生发病最多(51.74%),其次为农民(19.81%)和托幼儿童(5.26%)。2004-2010年重庆共报告急性出血性结膜炎暴发疫情141起,报告发病6 116人,无死亡;9月为暴发疫情的流行季节;疫情持续平均时间为8.8 d(最高39 d,最低1 d);郊区疫情数是城区的5.15倍,89.36%的疫情发生在学校。结论重庆市急性出血性结膜炎发病率居全国前5位。急性出血性结膜炎的防治应重点做好灾后人群的健康教育和宣传;医院在流行季节开设临时的诊治门诊,防止交叉感染等。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis in Chongqing from 2004 to 2010 and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of the disease. Methods Based on the epidemiological cases reported by the Chongqing Disease Surveillance Information System from 2004 to 2010 and the outbreak reported by the network of public health emergencies reporting system, a descriptive epidemiological analysis was performed using Excel and SPSS software. Results From 2004 to 2010, a total of 18 730 cases of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis were reported in Chongqing without any death. The average annual incidence of the report was 9.36 / 100,000. Showing the peak incidence in 2007 and 2010; 9 to October the season of high incidence of the disease; incidence of male: female = 1.59: 1, the age of onset of 10 to 14-year-old, accounting for 23.79% of the total incidence; (51.74%), followed by farmers (19.81%) and nursery children (5.26%). Chongqing reported a total of 141 acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis outbreaks in 2004-2010, with a reported incidence of 6,116 deaths. In September, the outbreak was endemic. The average duration of the outbreak was 8.8 days (up to 39 days, the lowest one day ). The number of outbreaks in suburban areas was 5.15 times that of urban areas, and 89.36% of the outbreaks occurred in schools. Conclusion The incidence of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis in Chongqing ranks the top 5 in China. Prevention and treatment of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis should focus on health education and publicity for post-disaster population; the hospital set up a temporary diagnosis and treatment clinic in the popular season to prevent cross-infection.